Hay and baleage are a big investment, and rain, ground moisture and sun can strip value from them quickly. A well-designed barn keeps feed dry and accessible. It also reduces one of the less-talked-about risks on a farm: hay fires.
Size it for a good season #
Work out how many bales you’d want to store after a good season, not an average one, then add room for a loader to work. Clear span helps here: bales can go wall to wall, and loaders don’t have to dodge posts.
Height for stacking #
Stacking height depends on your loader’s reach and your bale type. Set the clear height under the frame to suit the top of a full stack plus the loader, and check the door or open-bay height too.
Open sides or walls? #
An open-sided barn is cheaper and quick to load, but wind-driven rain wets the outer bales. Cladding the walls facing the prevailing weather, and leaving the sheltered side open, is a common middle path. Generous roof overhangs help keep the edges dry.
Keep it off the ground #
Ground moisture wicks into bottom bales. A raised, well-drained floor of concrete or compacted hardfill, with water directed away from the barn, keeps the bottom layer usable.
Hay and fire #
Fire and Emergency New Zealand warns that bales holding moisture can heat up and catch fire on their own. Its advice:
- Check stacks with a moisture meter or a steel rod pushed into the stack. If the rod is too hot to hold, unstack the pile. If it’s very warm, keep monitoring.
- Let the hay breathe: allow airflow where you can.
- Keep hay stacks away from other combustibles, such as implement sheds, hedges and trees.
That last point matters for design. A fire that starts in hay can spread to stored machinery and connected buildings. We normally recommend keeping the hay barn separate from the implement shed, rather than under one roof. As well as the fire risk, you don’t want moisture from the hay moving through to your machinery. It’s still your call, and we’re happy to talk it through for your farm.
Can a hay barn be consent-exempt? #
Possibly. Single-storey hay barns in rural zones up to 110 m² can be exempt, but only if no roof span is wider than 6 m and every other condition is met. A clear-span barn wider than that will need consent. See our farm shed exemption post.
Steel or timber? #
Steel doesn’t burn. Timber pole barns are traditional and can be cheaper for small, simple barns. Our steel vs timber post compares them in detail.
Talk to Steelspan #
Tell us how much feed you store and how you load it, and we’ll design a barn around it. Use our Easy Shed Quote or call 0800 787 726.
